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Pressure vessels are one of the special equipments involving public safety, and are important equipments in the fields of petrochemical, energy equipment, biomedicine, etc. In order to improve the economy and safety of pressure vessels, my country compiled the "Design Regulations for Steel Petrochemical Pressure Vessels" in 1967, promulgated GB 150-1989 "Steel Pressure Vessels" in 1989, and revised it in 1998 as a supporting standard for pressure vessel regulations, stipulating the design, manufacture, inspection and acceptance requirements of steel pressure vessels. GB/T 150.1-150.4-2011 "Pressure Vessel" series standards were issued and implemented on March 1, 2012 for more than ten years. During this period, TSG 21-2016 "Safety Technical Supervision Regulations for Stationary Pressure Vessels" was revised in 2016, and the standards for materials, parts and non-destructive testing cited in it were also updated and revised.

In view of this, in accordance with GB/T 1.1-2020 "Guidelines for Standardization Work Part 1: Structure and Drafting Rules for Standardization Documents", the National Technical Committee for Boiler and Pressure Vessel Standardization organized relevant units to revise and improve "Pressure Vessel" (GB/T 150.1-150.4-2011). The newly revised "Pressure Vessel" (GB/T 150.1-150.4-2024) maintains the original volume structure and consists of four parts, including general principles, materials, design, manufacturing, inspection and other parts, but has been optimized and improved in content.

Part 1: General requirements. The purpose is to give the basic requirements for the construction of pressure vessels.

Part 2: Materials. The purpose is to provide the basic requirements for the selection of pressure vessel materials and the material data used in the design and manufacturing process.

Part 3: Design. The purpose is to provide the design methods and design technical requirements for pressure vessels.

Part 4: Manufacturing, inspection and acceptance. The purpose is to provide the requirements for the pressure vessel manufacturing process and the inspection and acceptance regulations.

The revision principles of "Pressure Vessel" (GB/T 150.1-150.4-2024) are:

● The principle of coordination and consistency between safety technical regulations and technical standards;

● Establish the basic standard principles of GB/T 150 pressure vessels;

● Standard technology adopts the principle of mature scientific and technological achievements;

● Principles of international integration of standard technical indicators;

● Expand the principle of applicability of standards;

● Maintain the principle of Chinese standard characteristics;

● facilitate revision of principles;

● Standard principle of participation of all parties.

The main changes after the revision of GB/T 150.1:

GB/T 150.1 specifies the general requirements for materials, design, manufacture, inspection and acceptance of metal pressure vessels and is a coordinated standard for technical regulations on pressure vessels.

1. Comprehensively coordinate standards with relevant regulations on pressure vessels.

2. Add the concept of failure mode in accordance with ISO 16528.

3. Increase the maximum design temperature and the minimum design temperature.

4. Allowable axial compressive stress of cylinder.

5. Revise the overpressure relief device.

6. New standards for media classification have been introduced.

The main changes after the revision of GB/T 150.2:

GB/T 150.2 specifies the permitted grades and standards for steel pressure vessels, the use scope of steel, the allowable stress of steel, and the basic requirements for welding materials.

1. Suitable for steel pressure vessels with design temperature of -269℃~800℃ and design pressure not more than 35MPa.

2. According to the national standard steel naming rules, carbon steel is changed to non-alloy steel.

3. Added the requirements for impact absorption energy and lateral expansion value of austenitic stainless steel, and added the impact test regulations for austenitic stainless steel for liquid hydrogen pressure vessels.

4. The standards, grades and technical requirements of all steel plates, pipes, forgings, studs (including bolts) and nuts have been revised in accordance with the latest material standards.

5. The welding materials of pressure vessels’ pressure components shall comply with the requirements of NB/T47018.

6. Appendix B of GB/T 150.2-2024 specifies the technical requirements for steel materials included in this document.

The main changes after the revision of GB/T 150.3:

1. Added general requirements for design.

2. The buckling criterion of internal pressure dished head has been modified.

3. Modified some data of external pressure cylinder and external pressure spherical shell.

4. Added verification method for pressure vessels to prevent low-temperature brittle fracture.

5. Added basic requirements for jacketed vessels (Appendix G).

The main changes after the revision of GB/T 150.4:

GB/T 150.4 is applicable to the manufacture, inspection and acceptance of steel pressure vessels, composite plate pressure vessels, lined pressure vessels, and pressure vessels with welded layers made of carbon steel, low alloy steel or high alloy steel. The structural forms are single-layer welded pressure vessels, forged welded pressure vessels, sleeve pressure vessels, multi-layer wrapped pressure vessels and steel strip staggered pressure vessels, and the calculation method for the simultaneous action of internal pressure, axial external force and bending moment is added.

1. Cancel the re-inspection of flat plates of chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel.

2. Supplement relevant regulations on the use of flux-cored welding wire.

3. Add phased array ultrasonic testing methods and related regulations.

4. Add cold fitting and hot and cold fitting process methods.

5. Appendix C for multi-layer wrapped pressure vessels adds provisions related to materials, structure, assembly, wrapping, heat treatment, and non-destructive testing.

6. Add Appendix E to the manufacture, inspection and acceptance of pressure vessels based on the verification design to prevent low-temperature brittle fracture.

GB/T 150 is one of the most important general technical standards for pressure vessel construction methods, which is used to regulate the relevant technical requirements for the design, manufacture, inspection and acceptance of pressure vessels built or used in China. The revision and implementation of the new version of "Pressure Vessel" (GB/T 150.1-150.4-2024) will have a profound impact on the pressure vessel industry, better adapt to the new demands of economic development for this standard, and better promote the high-quality development of pressure vessel products.